Locating Strategies- (By ID)

In this section, you will learn how to locate a particular web element using the value of its id attribute.

Let us consider a test case in which we will automate the following scenarios:

• Invoke Firefox browser
• Open URL: https://www.testandquiz.com/selenium/testing.html
• Click on the Text Box
• Type the value "JavaTpoint"
• Click on the Submit button

We will create our test case step by step in order to give you a complete understanding of how to use Locators to identify and locate a particular web element.

Step1. Launch Eclipse IDE and open the existing test suite "Demo_Test" which we have created in earlier sessions of this tutorial.

Step2. Right click on the "src" folder and create a new Class File from New > Class.

Give your Class name as "Locator_One" and click on "Finish" button.

Step3. Let's get to the coding ground.

• To invoke Firefox browser, we need to download Gecko driver and set the system property for Gecko driver. We have already discussed this in earlier sessions of this tutorial. You can refer "Running Test on Firefox Browser" to learn how to download and set System property for Firefox driver.

Here is the sample code to set system property for Gecko driver:

  // System Property for Gecko Driver 
	System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","D:\\GeckoDriver\\geckodriver.exe" );

• After that we have to initialize Gecko Driver using Desired Capabilities Class.

Here is the sample code to initialize gecko driver using DesiredCapabilities class.

  // Initialize Gecko Driver using Desired Capabilities Class
		DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
		capabilities.setCapability("marionette",true);
		WebDriver driver= new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);

	  // System Property for Gecko Driver 
	System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","D:\\GeckoDriver\\geckodriver.exe" );
		
	 // Initialize Gecko Driver using Desired Capabilities Class
	DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
	capabilities.setCapability("marionette",true);
	WebDriver driver= new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);

• After that we need to write the code which will automate our second test scenario (navigate to the desired URL)

Here is the sample code to navigate to the desired URL:

// Launch Website
driver.navigate().to("https://www.testandquiz.com/selenium/testing.html"); 

The complete code till now will look something like this:

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;

public class Locator_One {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
	// System Property for Gecko Driver 
		System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","D:\\GeckoDriver\\geckodriver.exe" );
			
	// Initialize Gecko Driver using Desired Capabilities Class
			DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
			capabilities.setCapability("marionette",true);
			WebDriver driver= new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);
		

      // Launch Website
driver.navigate().to("https://www.testandquiz.com/selenium/testing.html"); 
	
	}

}

Step4. Now we will try to locate the desired web element by using the value of its id attribute. In Selenium, locating a particular web element involves inspection of its HTML codes.

Follow the steps given below to locate the Text box on the sample web page.

• Open URL: https://www.testandquiz.com/selenium/testing.html
• Right click on the Text box and select Inspect Element

• It will launch a window containing all the specific codes involved in the development of the text box.

• Pick the value of id attribute i.e. "1fname".

The Java Syntax for locating a web element using its id attribute is written as:

driver.findElement(By.id (<element ID>))

Therefore, for locating the text box on the sample web page we will use the value of its id attribute as:

driver.findElement(By.id (<"fname">))

Similarly, for locating the Submit button on the sample web page we will use the value of its id attribute as:

driver.findElement(By.id (<"idOfButton">))

Step5.

To automate our third, fourth and fifth test scenario, we need to write the code which will click on the Text box, type the desired values on the text box and click on the submit button.

Here is the sample code to click on the Text box and type values as "JavaTpoint".

// Click on the textbox and send value
driver.findElement(By.id("fname")).sendKeys("JavaTpoint");

And the following code snippet will click on the Submit button:

// Click on the Submit button using click() command
 driver.findElement(By.id("idOfButton")).click();

Thus, our final test script will look something like this:

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;

public class Locator_One {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		  // System Property for Gecko Driver 
		System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","D:\\GeckoDriver\\geckodriver.exe" );
			
		 // Initialize Gecko Driver using Desired Capabilities Class
			DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
			capabilities.setCapability("marionette",true);
			WebDriver driver= new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);
			
		// Click on the textbox and send value
			 driver.findElement(By.id("fname")).sendKeys("JavaTpoint");
			 
		// Click on the Submit button using click() command
			 driver.findElement(By.id("idOfButton")).click();	 
			 
	}
}

The following screenshot shows the Eclipse window for our test script.

Step6. Right click on the Eclipse code and select Run As > Java Application.

Upon execution, the above test script will launch the Firefox browser and automate all the test scenarios.