B+ File Organization

• B+ tree file organization is the advanced method of an indexed sequential access method. It uses a tree-like structure to store records in File.
• It uses the same concept of key-index where the primary key is used to sort the records. For each primary key, the value of the index is generated and mapped with the record.
• The B+ tree is similar to a binary search tree (BST), but it can have more than two children. In this method, all the records are stored only at the leaf node. Intermediate nodes act as a pointer to the leaf nodes. They do not contain any records.

The above B+ tree shows that:

• There is one root node of the tree, i.e., 25.
• There is an intermediary layer with nodes. They do not store the actual record. They have only pointers to the leaf node.
• The nodes to the left of the root node contain the prior value of the root and nodes to the right contain next value of the root, i.e., 15 and 30 respectively.
• There is only one leaf node which has only values, i.e., 10, 12, 17, 20, 24, 27 and 29.
• Searching for any record is easier as all the leaf nodes are balanced.
• In this method, searching any record can be traversed through the single path and accessed easily.

Pros of B+ tree file organization

• In this method, searching becomes very easy as all the records are stored only in the leaf nodes and sorted the sequential linked list.
• Traversing through the tree structure is easier and faster.
• The size of the B+ tree has no restrictions, so the number of records can increase or decrease and the B+ tree structure can also grow or shrink.
• It is a balanced tree structure, and any insert/update/delete does not affect the performance of tree.

Cons of B+ tree file organization

• This method is inefficient for the static method.