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Golang Padding String Example (Right or Left Align)
Use padding on strings to right-align or left-align text into columns.Padding, Printf. Often we want to output columns of data from our important computations. With the fmt.Printf method, we can specify a couple characters to apply padding.
With a minus sign, we add spaces to the right. With a positive number (no minus sign) we add spaces to the left, which pushes the text to the right.
Example program. An example of right-align and left-align is more helpful. Here we create columns of 10 characters wide. If a string is not long enough, it is padded with spaces.
Golang program that uses padding with fmt.Printf
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
values := []string{"bird", "5", "animal"}
// Pad all values to 10 characters.
// ... This right-justifies the strings.
// Three periods just for decoration.
for i := range(values) {
fmt.Printf("%10v...\n", values[i])
}
// Pad all values to 10 characters.
// ... This left-justifies the strings.
// Vertical bars just for decoration.
for i := range(values) {
fmt.Printf("|%-10v|\n", values[i])
}
}
Output
bird...
5...
animal...
|bird |
|5 |
|animal |
Sprintf, padding. Sometimes we want to get a string with padding—not directly print it to the console. Here fmt.Sprintf is useful. It returns a padded string.
Golang program that uses padding with fmt.Sprintf
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
input := "pad"
// Pad the string and store it in a new string.
padded := fmt.Sprintf("%12v", input)
fmt.Println("Len:", len(padded))
fmt.Println("[" + padded + "]")
}
Output
Len: 12
[ pad]
Notes, padding. We use a positive or negative number in front of the format code (like "%v"). The "v" stands for "value" and can handle many types.
Tip: Padding works with other format codes like "%d" for numeric codes. Other flags may also be applied in the same format.
A review. Padding can make an unreadable list of values readable. With Printf we can write multiple strings onto the same line, creating columnar layouts.fmt
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