Java Keywords

Learn about keywords in the Java language. Review core parts of Java.

Keywords. In learning Java, we can start with just a single part. We do not need to learn all things at once. Programs too are composed of pieces—keywords.

Keyword list. Some keywords, like for and while, control iteration. Others provide branching, like if. We use all these terms together to form complete programs.abstract boolean break byte case catch class continue default do double else enum extends false final finally float for if implements import int interface long new null package private protected public return short static super switch this throw throws true try void while

Common classes. Programs use classes to create complex models and perform various tasks. With keywords we specify and create these classes. Here are some important classes.ArrayDeque ArrayList Array BitSet BufferedReader BufferedWriter Character Calendar Collections Comparable Comparator Date EnumMap Exception Files HashMap HashSet Hashtable InputStream InputStreamReader Integer IntStream Matcher Math Object Objects Optional Pattern PriorityQueue Process ProcessBuilder Random Runtime Stack StackOverflowError Stream String StringBuffer StringBuilder TreeMap URI URL Vector

Numbers. Types like int are numeric types. We can use operators, like + to change numeric types. For larger, more detailed numbers, double is useful.Numbers: Bit Count Numbers: Integer.MAX_VALUE Numbers: Math Numbers: Modulo Numbers: Odd Numbers: Parse Int Numbers: Prime Numbers: Random Numbers: Truncate

Methods. In structured programs, we call methods. And those methods themselves call further methods. This interaction rapidly becomes powerful.Methods Methods: Overloaded Methods: Optional Methods: Multiple Return Values Methods: Reflection

Static. Something that is static is singular. It is all alone and this aspect of it cannot be changed. In Java we find static fields, methods and initializers.Static Static Initializer

Algorithms. With methods, we often implement more complex algorithms. Some algorithms are famous, like binary search, but many are more specific to a program.Algorithm: Anagram Algorithm: Binary Search Algorithm: Compound Interest Algorithm: Fibonacci Algorithm: Palindrome Algorithm: Recursion Algorithm: Tree

Ciphers. These are a kind of algorithm—one of the oldest. With ciphers, a message can be "obscured" so that is no longer easily read.Cipher: Caesar Cipher: ROT13

String algorithms. Many algorithms involve strings. We can extract parts of strings or test strings in complex ways. Performance is often important when handling strings.Strings: Duplicate Chars Strings: First Words Strings: Right Strings: Word Count

Files. With files we store data in a more permanent way. We use types like BufferedReader and BufferedWriter. Java has robust file support.File: BufferedReader File: BufferedWriter File: Copy File: Count Letter Frequencies File: Count Lines

Factory. This is a design pattern. It is used to unify the creation of a diverse group of objects with a common ancestor. As with other design patterns, it helps simplify large programs.Factory

Guava. The Google Java library, called Guava, offers additional classes. For example, an ImmutableList cannot be modified. With Splitter and Joiner we handle strings.ImmutableList Joiner ListMultimap Splitter

A review. Java has many classes. But using the most common ones is a good idea. Much like a musical symphony, the flow of a Java program is important.

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Java Keywords

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