Java While Loop Examples

Loop with while: this loop helps when proceeding until an unknown end condition is reached.

While. In the far reaches of the cave, you discover a mysterious pool. The water is not still. It slowly circles, as it has for millions of years.

This pool is experiencing an infinite while-loop. With the while-loop, a block of statements repeat infinitely—until the terminating condition (or a break or return) is reached.

A program. In this example, we control a loop based on both "i" and "z." This could be expressed with a for-loop, but it might be less clear.

And: We increment "i" upwards and decrement "z" downwards. When "i" is no longer smaller than "z," the loop ceases.

Thus: In programs, for-loops are more often useful. But in cases where the loop termination is unknown, a while-loop shines.

Java program that uses while-loop public class Program { public static void main(String[] args) { int i = 0; int z = 10; // Loop with two variables. while (i < z) { i++; z--; // Display the values. System.out.println(i + "/" + z); } } } Output 1/9 2/8 3/7 4/6 5/5

Break, while-true. Break is often useful in while-loops. But it can be used in any kind of loop. Here we show a while-true loop—it would be infinite if there were no break statement.Break

However: The break statement terminates the loop. No further iterations are run.

Here: This program will continue looping in the while-loop until it reaches a random number greater than 0.8.

Random

Java program that uses break, while-true import java.lang.Math; public class Program { public static void main(String[] args) { // Loop infinitely. while (true) { // Get random number between 0 and 1. double value = Math.random(); System.out.println(value); // Break if greater than 0.8. if (value >= 0.8) { break; } } } } Output 0.16129889659284657 0.0977987643977064 0.859556475501672

Do-while. This loop is just like a while-loop, except its condition is not checked before the first iteration is reached. So we must ensure the loop works with its initial value.Do-While

Sometimes: A do-while loop can make programs faster by reducing the number of checks done.

Java program that uses do-while public class Program { public static void main(String[] args) { int i = 0; // Loop while the variable is less than 3. // ... It is not checked on the first iteration. do { System.out.println(i); i++; } while (i < 3); } } Output 0 1 2

Post-increment, continue. This while-loop uses several syntax forms. It uses a post-increment in the while-loop condition. This means the < test is done before the increment is done.Continue

Modulo: We also use a modulo test to see if a number is evenly divisible by 2. We use the continue statement to stop the current iteration.

Modulo

Java program that uses while, post increment, continue public class Program { public static void main(String[] args) { int index = 0; // Use post increment in while-loop expression. while (index++ < 10) { // Continue if even number. if ((index % 2) == 0) { continue; } System.out.println("Element: " + index); } } } Output Element: 1 Element: 3 Element: 5 Element: 7 Element: 9

A choice. In most looping contexts, a for-loop is a better choice. But an important skill is to detect when a while-loop is a superior option. Rarely even a do-while is better.

On the surface, loops are simple. But I find the most complex algorithms are based mainly on loops. So loops are simple for simple things, but become rapidly complex.

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Java While Loop Examples

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