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C# File.ReadAllText, Get String From File
Use the File.ReadAllText method from System.IO to get strings from entire files.File.ReadAllText reads the entire contents of a text file. The Microsoft .NET Framework provides this useful method in the System.IO namespace for this purpose. This method can be used instead of StreamReader in certain program contexts.StreamReader
Info: Use .NET Framework methods to read TXT files. This requires the System.IO namespace. The operation requires only one statement.
Example. The .NET Framework provides utility methods on the File class. These are easy to use for reading TXT files into your program. You do not need to loop or check an EOF constant. Only one method call is needed.File
System.IO: Near the top of the program, the System.IO namespace is included with the using directive.
Strings: The two string references are assigned to the references returned by File.ReadAllText.
Path: The path is specified as an absolute path in the 2 method calls. The file the methods access is located on your C:\ drive and is named "file.txt".
String LiteralCaution: If that file does not exist, the methods will throw System.IO.FileNotFoundException.
FileNotFoundExceptionC# program that reads text files
using System;
using System.IO;
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
string value1 = File.ReadAllText("C:\\file.txt");
string value2 = File.ReadAllText(@"C:\file.txt");
Console.WriteLine("--- Contents of file.txt: ---");
Console.WriteLine(value1);
Console.WriteLine("--- Contents of file.txt: ---");
Console.WriteLine(value2);
}
}
Output
--- Contents of file.txt: ---
(Text)
--- Contents of file.txt: ---
(Text)
Internals. The File.ReadAllText method calls into other methods in the .NET Framework. At some point, low-level functions in Windows read in all the text using buffered reads. The text data is then put into an object with string character data.
Result: The File.ReadAllText method then returns a pointer (reference) to this object data.
And: The assignment to the result of File.ReadAllText then performs a simple bitwise copy so the variables point to the object data.
Benchmark. Here we want to resolve whether File.ReadAllText is efficient. To answer this, the ReadAllText method was benchmarked against StreamReader. The result was that on a 4 KB file it was almost 40% slower.Benchmark
C# program that uses ReadAllText and StreamReader
using System.IO;
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
// Read in file with File class.
string text1 = File.ReadAllText("file.txt");
// Alternative: use custom StreamReader method.
string text2 = FileTools.ReadFileString("file.txt");
}
}
public static class FileTools
{
public static string ReadFileString(string path)
{
// Use StreamReader to consume the entire text file.
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(path))
{
return reader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
Output
File.ReadAllText: 155 ms
FileTools.ReadFileString: 109 ms
StreamReader helper. In some projects, it would be worthwhile to use the above ReadFileString custom static method. In a project that opens hundreds of small files, it would save 0.1 milliseconds per file.
Discussion. This article showed some basics regarding reading in text (TXT) files. However, you will likely need to do more advanced processing of these files at some point. Many resources are available.PathRegex File
Summary. We looked at how you can read text files into your C# program and use the contents as a string. And we discussed some of the mechanisms the .NET Framework uses to manage TXT files and return the object data to your program.
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- C# Reserved Filenames
- C# return Keyword
- C# Reverse String
- C# Reverse Words
- C# Reverse Extension Method
- C# RichTextBox Example
- C# Right String Part
- C# RNGCryptoServiceProvider Example
- C# ROT13 Method, Char Lookup Table
- C# SelectMany Example: LINQ
- C# Sentinel Optimization
- C# SequenceEqual Method (If Two Arrays Are Equal)
- C# Shift Operators (Bitwise)
- C# Short and ushort Types
- C# Single Method: Get Element If Only One Matches
- C# SingleOrDefault
- C# Singleton Pattern Versus Static Class
- C# Singleton Class
- C# sizeof Keyword
- C# Skip and SkipWhile Examples
- C# Sleep Method (Pause)
- C# Sort Dictionary: Keys and Values
- C# Sort by File Size
- C# Sort, Ignore Leading Chars
- C# Sort KeyValuePair List: CompareTo
- C# Sort Strings by Length
- C# Thread.SpinWait Example
- C# Math.Sqrt Method
- C# stackalloc Operator
- C# StackOverflowException
- C# StartsWith and EndsWith String Methods
- C# Static Array
- C# Static Dictionary
- C# Stopwatch Examples
- C# Stream
- C# StreamReader ReadToEnd Example (Read Entire File)
- C# StreamReader ReadToEndAsync Example (Performance)
- C# StreamReader Examples
- C# StreamWriter Examples
- C# String Append (Add Strings)
- C# String Compare and CompareTo Methods
- C# String Constructor (new string)
- C# string.Copy Method
- C# CopyTo String Method: Put Chars in Array
- C# Empty String Examples
- C# String Equals Examples
- C# String For Loop, Count Spaces in String
- C# string.Intern and IsInterned
- C# String IsUpper, IsLower
- C# String Length Property: Get Character Count
- C# String Literal: Newline and Quote Examples
- C# StringBuilder Capacity
- C# StringBuilder Clear (Set Length to Zero)
- C# StringBuilder Data Types
- C# StringBuilder Performance
- C# StringBuilder Equals (If Chars Are Equal)
- C# StringBuilder Memory
- C# StringBuilder ToString: Get String From StringBuilder
- C# StringWriter Class
- C# Sum Method: Add up All Numbers
- C# Switch Char, Test Chars With Cases
- C# Switch Enum
- C# System (using System namespace)
- C# Tag Property: Windows Forms
- C# TextInfo Examples
- C# TextReader, Returned by File.OpenText
- C# TextWriter, Returned by File.CreateText
- C# this Keyword
- C# ThreadPool
- C# Thread Join Method (Join Array of Threads)
- C# ThreadPool.SetMinThreads Method
- C# TimeZone Examples
- C# Get Title From HTML With Regex
- C# ToArray Extension Method
- C# ToCharArray: Convert String to Array
- C# ToDictionary Method
- C# Token
- C# ToList Extension Method
- C# ToLookup Method (Get ILookup)
- C# ToLower and ToUpper: Uppercase and Lowercase Strings
- ToolStripContainer Control: Dock, Properties
- C# ToolTip: Windows Forms
- C# ToString Integer Optimization
- C# ToString: Get String From Object
- C# ToTitleCase Method
- C# TrackBar: Windows Forms
- C# Tree and Nodes Example: Directed Acyclic Word Graph
- C# TreeView Tutorial
- C# Trim Strings
- C# Thread Methods
- C# History
- C# Features
- C# Variables
- C# Data Types
- C# Operators
- C# Keywords
- C# New Features | C# Version Features
- C# Programs
- C# Program to swap numbers without third variable
- C# Program to convert Decimal to Binary
- C# Program to Convert Number in Characters
- C# Program to Print Alphabet Triangle
- C# Program to print Number Triangle
- C# Program to generate Fibonacci Triangle
- C# String Compare() method
- C# String CompareOrdinal() method
- C# String CompareTo() method
- C# String Concat() method
- C# String Contains() method
- C# String CopyTo() method
- C# String EndsWith() method
- C# String Equals() method
- C# String Format() method
- C# String IndexOf() method
- C# String Insert() method
- C# String Intern(String str) method
- C# String IsInterned() method
- C# String Normalize() method
- C# String IsNullOrEmpty() method
- C# String IsNullOrWhiteSpace() method
- C# String Join() method
- C# String LastIndexOf() method
- C# String LastIndexOfAny() method
- C# String PadLeft() method
- C# String PadRight() method
- C# Nullable
- C# String Remove() method
- C# String Replace() method
- C# String Split() method
- C# String StartsWith() method
- C# String SubString() method
- C# Partial Types
- C# Iterators
- C# Delegate Covariance
- C# Delegate Inference
- C# Anonymous Types
- C# Extension Methods
- C# Query Expression
- C# Partial Method
- C# Implicitly Typed Local Variable
- C# Object and Collection Initializer
- C# Auto Implemented Properties
- C# Dynamic Binding
- C# Named and Optional Arguments
- C# Asynchronous Methods
- C# Caller Info Attributes
- C# Using Static Directive
- C# Exception Filters
- C# Await in Catch Finally Blocks
- C# Default Values for Getter Only Properties
- C# Expression Bodied Members
- C# Null Propagator
- C# String Interpolation
- C# nameof operator
- C# Dictionary Initializer
- C# Pattern Matching
- C# Tuples
- C# Deconstruction
- C# Local Functions
- C# Binary Literals
- C# Ref Returns and Locals
- C# Expression Bodied Constructors and Finalizers
- C# Expression Bodied Getters and Setters
- C# Async Main
- C# Default Expression